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Loon Magic - Wayzata Technology (8011) (1993).iso
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05Maked.txt
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1993-07-25
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Fishing Techniques
Generally loons swallow their prey under water, but there are a
few reports of loons coming to the surface with food. Olson once
watched a loon on Como Lake, near St. Paul, capture small panfish
and bring them to the surface to tear apart. Since the dorsal fin on
sunfish is quite large and has extremely sharp points, loons would
have a hard time swallowing such spiny prey.
Loons feed by sight alone and do not need cues of sound or odor,
but do require relatively clear water to forage efficiently. Barr points
out that as water clarity diminishes, loons start bottom feeding and
fill up on slow-moving crayfish. Because of their sight-hunting
methods, loons do not feed at night.
The loon's superb diving abilities and opportunistic tendencies
have created problems for commercial fishermen on Lake Superior.
Fishermen there use pond nets, large net enclosures with a lead or
opening which funnels into the net. Since there is no cover over the
net on the water's surface, Lake Superior's loons and cormorants
quickly discovered that while fishing in the open lake may be good,
fishing within these large pond nets is even better. While loons may
not actually kill many trapped fish (most are too large), they do
chase them into the sides of the net where many fish gill themselves
in the net mesh and die. There is some spoilage which causes an
economic as well as a time loss for commercial fishermen. Stories of
fishermen carrying shotguns to deal directly with the problem are
still common.
Sigurd Olson interviewed ten commercial fishermen on the
Minnesota side of Lake Superior. While all had caught loons on their
setlines baited for trout, one fisherman claimed to have caught forty
loons in one day on a 200 hook setline. Many fishermen thought the
loons had "learned" to spot the setline floats. Understandably, these
fishermen did not have a deep appreciation for loons. While most
wanted a bounty on loons, their wish was never realized. The sea
lamprey entered the big lake in the early 1950s and settled the issue
by destroying nearly all the trout in Lake Superior. With no trout to
catch, the fishermen didn't need to worry about a few loons in their
setlines; they went out of business or changed their target species
and their fishing techniques. Then in 1961 the common loon
prevailed over such beautiful birds as the wood duck, the scarlet
tanager and the belted kingfisher to become the Minnesota State
Bird. The loon, as they say, had arrived.
Some Michigan loons still are threatened by commercial fishing
nets. Nets on both Lake Superior and Lake Michigan inadvertently
capture hundreds of loons every year. While no hard evidence is
available to prove the theory, some biologists suspect that Michigan's
depressed loon population may be the result of adult loons from
inland lakes flying to the Great Lakes to feed where many are being
caught in commercial fishing nets.